Tulbaghia violacea L. I: In vitro antimicrobial properties towards plant pathogens
Leeto Nteso A and Johan C. Pretorius A BA Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
B Corresponding author. Email: pretorJC.sci@mail.uovs.ac.za
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(5) 511-516 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05206
Submitted: 10 June 2005 Accepted: 6 January 2006 Published: 17 May 2006
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of crude methanol extracts of above- and below-soil parts of Tulbaghia violacea were quantified by means of an agar diffusion method against 6 plant pathogenic bacteria and 7 fungi. The growth of 3 out of the 6 bacteria, Clavibacter michiganensis, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas campestris, was significantly inhibited by crude extracts of both below-soil and aerial parts of T. violacea, whereas the growth of Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia carotovora, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens was unaffectedl. Compared with the standard fungicide, both the aerial and below-soil extracts of T. violacea significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of 6 of the 7 test fungi, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Mycosphaerella pinodes, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and P. ultimum, whereas only the below-soil extract inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum significantly. The broad-spectrum antifungal activity shown by the crude T. violaceae extracts supplied a rationale for a further investigation into the in vivo activity of the extracts under glasshouse and field conditions.
Additional keywords: Tulbaghia violaceae, crude extracts, mycelial growth inhibition, plant pathogenic, bacteria, fungi.
Acknowledgment
We are grateful to Charlotte Maree, Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, for her technical assistance in the laboratory.
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